نگار اساسی

This study presents a comparative analysis of women's protest language in the novels T?' al-Khajal by Fadila Al-Farouq and Aterh Raziyaneh by Fereshteh Sari. Both works fall within the realm of political literature and depict the struggles of women in traditional and patriarchal societies. These novels not only reflect women's issues but also convey significant historical and political transformations in Algeria and Iran. Both authors are women, and their perspectives have influenced their writing style and literary content.

This research adopts a descriptive-analytical and comparative approach. While T?' al-Khajal critiques Algerian society and politics, Aterh Raziyaneh challenges the prevailing conditions in Iran. Despite geographical, cultural, religious, and political similarities, both countries are shaped by patriarchal structures. While many women in these societies choose silence due to restrictions and fear, the protagonists of these two novels are protesting women who express their resistance through speech, writing, and actions.

The study examines the protest language of women in these novels through syntactic and stylistic features such as imperative and prohibitive sentences, interrogatives, vocatives, exclamations, as well as rhetorical and literary devices including simile, metaphor, paradox, intertextuality, non-verbal behaviors, silence, and thematic and semantic implications. The findings indicate that women tend to use imperative, prohibitive, negative, and rhetorical interrogative sentences, emphasizing the first-person pronoun to highlight their resistance.

Both novels employ these stylistic techniques; however, T?' al-Khajal features more figurative and descriptive language, utilizing a greater number of similes and rhetorical devices, which may signify the severity of oppression and restrictions in Algeria. In contrast, Aterh Raziyaneh adopts a simpler and more fluid language, employing literary techniques for deeper impact and depiction of circumstances. These works not only reflect the cultural and political contexts of their respective periods but also play a crucial role in raising awareness and challenging oppressive norms by breaking taboos and narrating the injustices faced by women.

Keywords: protest language, T?' al-Khajal, Aterh Raziyaneh, politics, women, resistance